Concerns about a potential World War III have led many Americans to wonder whether the military draft—unused since 1973—could ever return. Although the idea has resurfaced in public discussions, it remains only a hypothetical scenario for now.
Global tensions involving Russia, Ukraine, Israel, and Iran have added to the anxiety. Some world leaders, including Vladimir Putin, have warned about rising international instability, while others, such as Donald Trump, have dismissed the possibility of reinstating the draft.
Despite these mixed messages, public worry continues. A recent YouGov survey found that 45% of Americans believe a world war could occur within the next decade, contributing to growing curiosity about how a modern draft might function.
Currently, the United States operates with an entirely volunteer military force. As of mid-2025, there are no active government plans to revive conscription, and the Department of Defense maintains strong support for the all-volunteer system.
Experts note, however, that extreme circumstances—such as a major global conflict or a drastic shortage of volunteer recruits—could force Congress and the president to consider reactivating the draft. Such a decision would require both political action and significant public debate.
If a draft were reinstated, certain professions could be considered essential to national stability. Potential exemptions might apply to ministers, some elected officials, veterans, and workers in fields such as healthcare, education, infrastructure, and engineering. Even so, the Selective Service does not promise automatic exemptions for any job category.
Individuals with deeply held moral or religious beliefs against war, known as Conscientious Objectors, may also qualify for non-combat options. They would be required to complete alternative civilian service, often in community support roles.
While the topic raises understandable concerns, experts emphasize that a return to the draft remains unlikely unless the United States faces an extraordinary national emergency.